ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: Use of cyclooxygenase inhibitors as chemotherapy agents has attracted the attention of a large number of investigators in recent years. Given the importance of cancer therapy, only a limited number of studies have been carried out to investigate the effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on specific cell lines
Purpose: This research aimed to determine the in vitro cytotoxic effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors [COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors] on KB, Saos-2, 1321N, U-87MG, SFBF-PI 39 cell lines
Materials and Method: Powders of celecoxib, mefenamic acid, aspirin and indometacin were dissolved in the appropriate solvent. The viability of cell lines was carried out by MTT [3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide] assay technique. Data gathered from four separate experiments were expressed as mean +/- SD. Statistical significance was defined at p< 0.05 by using analysis of variance. Significant treatment mean values were subjected to post-hoc Tukey's test
Results: Celecoxib showed marked cytotoxic effects on KB, Saos-2, and 1321N cells, which was significant in comparison with the control group. Celecoxib was not effective in killing U-87MG cell line. Mefenamic acid exerted cytotoxic effects on KB, Saos-2, and 1321N cells, where the viability was approximately 75%. U-87MG cells were resistant to mefenamic acid. Indometacin had the highest rate of activity on U-87MG cells, which was significant in comparison with the control group. Aspirin did not exhibit any activity on these cell lines and was not effective in killing U- 87MG, KB, Saos-2, and 1321N cells
Conclusion: This research showed that celecoxib, indometacin, and mefenamic acid have the cytotoxic effects on KB, Saos-2, 1321N and U-87MG cell lines. Therefore, it appears that these drugs can be considered as anti-neoplastic agents in the experimental phase